Method and apparatus for the working of peat bogs and the like



Dec. 8, 1925 v 1,564,439

M. I. NYEBOE METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR THE wonxxue or PM! new Aim-flitLiRE Filed July 13, .1925

Jflo rnv Patented Dec. 8, 1925.

UNITED STATES tsetse PATENT oFFIcE.

MABIUS TB NYEBUE, OF GOEENHAGEN, DENMARK.

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR, THE WORKING F PEAT BOGS AND THE LIKE.

Application filed July 13, 1925. Serial No. 43,429.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, MAmUs In Nrnnon,

a subject of the King of Denmark, and residing at Copenhagen, Denmark,have in- 6 vented certain new and useful Improvements in a Method andApparatus for the Working ofPeat Bogs and the like, of which thefollowing is aspecification.

According to the known methods for ex- 1 tracting peat or mineral earth,greater unearthing plants have been employed in order to obtain asatisfactory working oi the peat bog; e. g. when peat was to beextracted, the

plant consisted of a hydraulic excavating or sluicing device looseningthe peat and a pumping device sucking up the loosened peat and pumpingit away through a pip ing perpendicular to the edge of the pit so as tocarry it to the place where the briquettes or the like are formed. Inthe said plants the suction pump was placed on a special crane whichmight be moved along a railway placed along the edge of the peatbog, sothat according to this method a zone of the bog outside the railway wasworked. Instead of running on a railway, the crane carrying the suctionpump might be placed on a carriage moved along the edge of the peat-pitby means of an endless belt. The width of the zone to be worked by thismethod could only be 10-15 meters, bpcause a greater width would causethe excavating jets to send the loosened away from the suction pump.'VVhen such a zone of 10-15 meters was dug out or exhausted, the railwayhad to be moved a distance away from the edge of the pit correspondingto the width of the zone in order to enable a new zone of this width-t0be worked. These perpetually repeated removals of the railway combinedwith the constant relaying of the pipings perpendicular thereto had fortheir result that the entire plant could work efi'ectively only fromone-half to twothirds of the working time, the rest of the time beingoccupied in the removal of the railway and the relaying oi' the pipingbehind the same according to the removal of the carriage with thesuction pump along the railway.

This invention has for its object a method according to which theconstant relaying of the railway along which the carriage carrying thesuction pump is movable, may be avoided. This is obtained according tothe invention by ramming a pile-bridge into the bog, along which bridgethe machines necessary to the digging of the peat are carried to take upthe peat at both sides of the bridge and in front of its end, the resultof which is that the width of the zone to be worked will be about 60meters or more.

The invention is especially well adapted for use in connection with thehydraulic excavating or sluicing method, in which case care is to be hadthat the jet is constantly directed towards the device for sucking upthe washed-out mass, so that displacement of the pile-bridge and pipingshall not be necessary too frequently. This method enable 90% or more ofthe working time to be employed for digging out the bog, while onlyabout 10% of the working time will be occupied in relaying thepile-bridge and the pipmgs.

In the drawing is represented as much or" the invention as is necessaryto its understanding, when the sluicing method is employed.

Fig. 1 is a diagram showing how a bog is Worked according to the presentmethod.

Figs. 2 and 3 show on an enlarged scale a sectional elevation and aplan, respec tively, of a plant according to the invention and workingon the washing or spouting method.

According to the present invention shown in Fig. 1 the bog 1 is workedfrom a pilebridge 3 laid across the bog, so that the digging may takeplace at both sides of the pile-bridge and at its end, the pile-bridgeand the railway placed thereupon being removed successively a thedigging proceeds. The removal of the peat is carried out by a suctionpump taking the peat from a channel which extends from the pit under thecentre line of the pile-bridge. The suckedup peat is pumped away througha piping in the direction of the railway.

The specified method enables a zone B to be worked which is severaltimes as broad as the usual zone A.

Figs. 2 and 3 show how the method is carried out. Across the bog thepile-bridge 3 is laid so as to form the support of a railway. Along thelatter a carriage 24 carrying the suction pump 5 may be drawn away fromthe pit successively as the working proceeds. The washing-out ot' thepeat to be sucked up by the pump 5 is carried out by two excavatingdevices or injectors 6 working at opposite sides of the bridge 3 andmovable along two light railways 7 forming an angle, the opening ofwhich depends on the nature of the bog. The washing devices (3 may alsobe placed on barges carried along the edges of the pit. The dug-outportion of the bog is designed 8 in Fig. 3, and it will be seen thatfrom this portion of the bog a channel 9 extends under the central lineof the pilebridge 3 somewhat beyond the pump 5, so that the latter willwork in a narrow channel or groove communicating with the pit 8. Thisgives a considerable stability to that portion of the bridge supportingthe carriage, as the piles carrying the pumping device are standing inthe portion of the bog not yet dug out. At the inner eno ot' the channel9 generally a third injector 13 is placed, by means of which the channelmay be washed out and the peat-mud be kept sutliciently thin. l 'heinjectors 6 and l3 receive their water from a high-pressure pump 14movable on a track 15 or placed upon a barge in the pit. The sucked-upmud is pumped away through the mud-piping l1, l7 to the briquettingmachinery or to a collecting pit 18, from which a special mud-pump 19pumps it further on to the briquetting machinery. Dug-out roots may beremoved either by means of preferably rake-like devices moved to and froalong that portion of the bridge which stands in the pit 8, or by a manworking from a bridgelO placed where the channel 9 opens out into thepit 8. They may also be removed by a crane placed at the ed 'e of thepit.

successively as the working proceeds the carriage L with the suctionpump 5 is drawn away from the pit 8, and at the same time the pipe .1 isshortened. l l hen the carriage l is moved to the right in Fig. 3, thesuper flous portion of the bridge standing in the pit S is removed,which may be done either "from the remaining portion of the bridge orfrom a barge 12 floating in the pit 8. The piles may also be washed out.

If the bog is sul'hciently firm, no actual pile-bridge is required, butthe suction device may run upon a track supported by sleepers lyingacross the channel or groove 9. ll hen the suction device is placed on acarriage running upon an endless belt, the construction of an actualtransport way across the bog may likewise be avoided.

The angle bet een the light railways 7 on which the washing devices (3run, varies, as stated above, somewhat according to the consistence ot'the surface of the bog; generally, however, care is taken that thepile-bridge 3 is placed in the medial line of the angle.

Besides being used for the extraction of peat, the specified method mayalso be employed for the digging of draining channels in a peat-bog orin. mineral earth. In these cases the sucked-up peat-mass may bedischarged through mud-pipes over greater or smaller areas of the boginstead of being laid, as is otherwise the case. along the sides oi thechannel, whereby these sides are liable to slide down.

The details specified above may be varied without departing from theprinciple of the invention.

1 claim:

1. A method. of working peat bogs or the like, comprising the steps orsinking a pile bridge into the bog; excavatingthe'peat at opposite sidesand iniftront of such bridge; and movin along said bridge machinery forwithdrawing the excavated peat.

2. A method or? workingpeat bogs or the like, comprising the steps ofsinking a pile bridge into the bog; hydraulically excavat ing the peatat opposite sides and in front o1 such bridge; and moving along saidbridge machinery tor withdrawing the excavated peat.

3. A method of working peat bogs or the like, comprising the steps ofsinking a pile bridge intothe bog; hydraulically excavating the peat atopposite sides and in front of such bridge; and moving along said bridgea suction pump for withdrawing the excavated peat.

4. A method of working peat bogs or the like, comprising the steps ofsinking a pile bridge into the bog; excavating the peat at oppositesides and in front of such bridge; and moving along said bridge asuctionpump for withdrawing the excavated peat.

5. in. method of working peat bogs or the like, comprising thesteps o't'sinking a pile bridge into the bog; hydraulically excavating the peat atopposite sides and in front of such bridge along two lines whichconverge in angular relation toward the bridge; and moving along saidbridge machinery-for withdrawing the excavated peat.

6. A method of working peat bogs or the like, comprising the steps ofsinking a pile bridge into the bog; hydraulically excavating the peat atopposite sides and in front of such bridge along two lines whichconverge in angular relation toward the bridge so that the latterbisects the angle formed by said lines; and moving along said bridgemachinery for withdrawing the excavated peat.

T. A. method oi working peat bogs or the like comprising the steps orsinking a pile bridge into the bog; forming a channel leading from thebog beneath such bridge; excavating the peat at opposite sides and introut ot the bridge; and moving a suction device along that part of thebridge which overlies the channel to withdraw the excavated peattherefrom.

8. A method of working peat bogs or the like, comprising the steps ofsinking a pile bridge into the bog; forming a channel leading from thehos beneath such bridge; excavating the peat at opposite sides and intront of the bridge; sluicing water into said channel at the inner endthereof; and moving a suction device along that part of the bridge whichoverlies the channel to extract the peat and Water therefrom.

9. A peat-w0rking installation, comprismg a pile bridge extending intothe pit in a hog being Worked; a carriage mounted to travel along suchbridge; and machinery for excavating peat at opposite sides and in frontof the bridge, connected with the carriage to be shifted thereby.

10. A peat-Working installation, comprising a pile bridge extending intothe pit in a bog being Worked; a carriage mounted to travel along suchbridge; machinery for excavating peat at opposite sides and in front ofthe bridge; and a suction device mounted on said carriage forwithdrawing the excavated peat.

In testimony whereof I atfix my signature.

MARIUS IB N'YEBOE.

